4 amabhola ukuqina
Into ebaluleke kakhulu yokuvala isihlaloama-valve ebholai-polytetraoxyethylene (PTFE), ezwela cishe kuzo zonke izinto zamakhemikhali, futhi ine-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, ukusebenza okuzinzile, akulula ukuguga, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokusebenza kokuvala Izici ezinhle kakhulu ezibanzi.Kodwa-ke, izici ezibonakalayo ze-PTFE, kufaka phakathi i-coefficient ephezulu yokunwetshwa, ukuzwela ekugelezeni okubandayo kanye nokungahambi kahle kwe-thermal, kudinga ukuklanywa kwama-valve seat seal ukuze kugxilwe kulezi zici.Izinto zepulasitiki zophawu lwesihlalo se-valve zihlanganisa i-PTFE egcwele, inayiloni nezinye izinto eziningi.Kodwa-ke, lapho izinto zokuvala ziba nzima, ukwethembeka kophawu kuzolimala, ikakhulukazi esimweni somehluko ophansi wengcindezi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, irabha yokwenziwa efana nerabha ye-butyl ingasetshenziswa futhi njengento yokuvala isihlalo se-valve, kodwa imithi yayo esebenzayo ephakathi nendawo nebanga lokushisa ilinganiselwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma i-medium ingagcotshisiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwerabha yokwenziwa kungenzeka kugxumeke ibhola.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwezicelo zezimboni ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukucindezela okukhulu, ukuguguleka okuqinile, impilo ende, njll., ama-valve ebhola avaliwe ngensimbi athuthukiswe kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.Ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile ezimboni, njenge-United States, i-Italy, iJalimane, iSpain, iNetherlands, njll., ukwakheka kwe-valve yebhola iye yathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi kuye kwaba nama-valve ebhola agqinsiwe angcwatshwa wonke umzimba, ukuphakamisa. ama-valve amabhola, nama-valve amabhola kumapayipi amabanga amade, okokusebenza kokucwenga uwoyela, njll. Inkundla yezimboni isetshenziswa kabanzi, enobubanzi obukhulu (3050mm), umfutho ophezulu (70MPa) kanye nezinga lokushisa elibanzi (-196~8159C) ama-valve ebhola avelayo, ukuze ubuchwepheshe be-valve yebhola bufinyelele ezingeni elisha.
5 Ukwakhiwa kwe-valve yebhola nokukhiqiza
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-Computer Aided Design (CAD), i-Computer Aid Manufacturing (CAM) kanye ne-Mulberry Manufacturing System (FMS) embonini yamavalvu, ukuklanywa nokukhiqizwa kwamavalvu ebhola sekufinyelele ezingeni elisha.Ayigcinanga ngokusungula ngokuphelele indlela yokubala yokuklama i-valve, kodwa futhi yehlise umsebenzi wokuklama osindayo nophindaphindwayo wabasebenzi abangochwepheshe nabezobuchwepheshe, ukuze ochwepheshe babe namandla engeziwe okuthuthukisa, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo omusha, futhi bafinyeze ucwaningo kanye umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo emisha., Ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza kwezabasebenzi ngendlela ezungeza yonke indawo, futhi kuyinqubo yocwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwevalvu yebhola evala uhlobo lwensimbi yokuphakamisa, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-CAD/CAM, i-wide rod spiral flat eyenziwe ngomklamo osizwa yikhompyutha nekhompyutha. -Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC asizayo avele, okuwuphawu lwensimbi.I-valve yebhola ayinayo imihuzuko futhi igugile ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala, ukuze ukusebenza kokuvala kanye nempilo yesevisi ye-valve yebhola kuthuthukiswe kakhulu.Uma i-valve yebhola isivulwe ngokugcwele, ukumelana nokugeleza kuncane kakhulu, kucishe kulingane noziro, ngakho-ke i-valve yebhola enobubanzi obulinganayo isetshenziswa kakhulu kumapayipi kawoyela negesi ngoba kulula ukuhlanza ipayipi.Ngenxa yokuthi ibhola le-valve yebhola liyasulwa ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala, ama-valve amaningi ebhola angasetshenziswa emithonjeni yezindaba enezinhlayiya eziqinile ezimisiwe.Ngokuya ngezinto zendandatho yokuvala, ingasetshenziswa futhi ku-powder kanye nemidiya ye-granular.
6 Izikhathi ezisebenzayo zevalvu yebhola
Njengoba i-valve yebhola ivamise ukusebenzisa irabha, inayiloni kanye ne-polytetraoxyethylene njengendandatho yokuvala isihlalo, izinga lokushisa layo lokusetshenziswa lilinganiselwe yindandatho yokuvala isihlalo se-valve.Umphumela wokunqanyulwa kobubanzi bebhola ufinyelelwa ngokucindezelwa kwebhola lensimbi phakathi kwezihlalo zamavalvu epulasitiki ngaphansi kwesenzo se-medium (i-valve yebhola elintantayo).Ngaphansi kwesenzo sengcindezi ethile yokuxhumana, indandatho yokuvala isihlalo se-valve ishintsha ngokunwebeka nangokwepulasitiki kwezinye izindawo.Lokhu kuguqulwa kunganxephezela ukunemba kokukhiqiza kanye nokuqina kwebhola, futhi kuqinisekise ukusebenza kokuvala kwe-valve yebhola.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba indandatho yokuvala isihlalo se-valve yebhola ngokuvamile yenziwe ngepulasitiki, lapho ukhetha ukwakheka nokusebenza kwe-valve yebhola, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ukumelana nomlilo nokumelana nomlilo we-valve yebhola, ikakhulukazi ku-petroleum, amakhemikhali, i-metallurgical kanye neminye imikhakha, emithonjeni evuthayo neqhumayo Ukusetshenziswa kwama-valve ebhola ohlelweni lwemishini kanye namapayipi e-United States kufanele kunake kakhulu ukumelana nomlilo nokuvimbela umlilo.
Ngokuvamile, ekulungisweni kwezindawo ezimbili, ukusebenza kokuvala okuqinile, udaka, ukuhuzuka, isiteshi sokuvala, ukuvulwa okusheshayo nokuvala isenzo (1/4 ukuvula nokuvala), ukusika kwengcindezi ephezulu (umehluko omkhulu wengcindezi), umsindo ophansi, i-cavitation kanye ukuhwamuka, Ezinhlelweni zamapayipi anenani elincane lokuvuza emkhathini, i-torque encane yokusebenza kanye nokumelana noketshezi oluncane, ama-valve ebhola ayanconywa.
Amavalvu ebhola nawo afaneleka kumasistimu amapayipi anesakhiwo sokukhanya, i-low pressure cut-off (umehluko omncane wengcindezi), kanye nemidiya egqwalayo.
Ama-valve ebhola angasetshenziswa futhi kumishini yokushisa ephansi (cryogenic) kanye nezinhlelo zamapayipi.
Ohlelweni lwamapayipi omoya-mpilo embonini ye-metallurgical, ama-valve ebhola athole ukwelashwa okuqinile kokukhipha amafutha ayadingeka.
Lapho imigqa eyinhloko emapayipini kawoyela negesi idinga ukugqitshwa ngaphansi komhlaba, kudingeka ama-valve amabhola ashiselwe anobubanzi obugcwele.
Lapho kulungiswa ukusebenza kuyadingeka, i-valve yebhola enesakhiwo esikhethekile esinokuvulwa okumise okwe-V kufanele kukhethwe.
Ku-petroleum, i-petrochemical, amakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, kanye nokwakhiwa kwedolobha, ama-valve ebhola avaliwe ensimbi ukuya kwensimbi angasetshenziselwa amasistimu amapayipi anamazinga okushisa asebenzayo angaphezu kuka-200 ° C.
7 Izimiso zokusetshenziswa kwamavalvu ebhola
Emapayipini kawoyela negesi yemvelo, amapayipi adinga ukuhlanzwa, futhi agqitshwe phansi, sebenzisa ama-all pass kanye nama-valve amabhola ane-welded;ukuze ungcwatshwe emhlabathini, khetha ama-valve ebhola ashiselwe noma ane-flanged;amapayipi egatsha , Khetha uxhumano lwe-flange, uxhumano lwe-welding, i-pass full-pass noma i-diameter encishisiwe i-valve yebhola.
Ukuze uthole ipayipi lokuthutha kanye nempahla yokugcina amafutha acolisisiwe, sebenzisa ama-valve amabhola ane-flanged.
Ngamapayipi egesi edolobha nawegesi yemvelo, sebenzisa ama-valve amabhola antantayo anoxhumano lwe-flange noxhumano lwentambo yangaphakathi.
Ohlelweni lwepayipi le-oksijini ohlelweni lwe-metallurgical, i-valve yebhola engaguquki eye yathola ukwelashwa okuqinile kokukhipha amafutha kanye nokuxhunywa kwe-flanged kufanele kusetshenziswe.
Ezinhlelweni zamapayipi okushisa aphansi namadivayisi, ama-valve ebhola asezingeni eliphansi anamabhonethi kufanele asetshenziswe.Ohlelweni lwamapayipi lweyunithi yokuqhekeka kweyunithi yokucwenga uwoyela, ivalvu yebhola yohlobo lokuphakamisa ingakhethwa.
Ezisetshenziswa nasezinhlelweni zamapayipi emidiya egqwalayo efana ne-asidi ne-alkali ezinhlelweni zamakhemikhali, kuhle ukuthi kusetshenziswe wonke ama-valve ensimbi engenasici enziwe ngensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic kanye ne-polytetraoxyethylene njengesihlalo nendandatho yokuvala.
Ama-valve ebhola ensimbi ensimbi angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi noma kumadivayisi emidiya esezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ezinhlelweni ze-metallurgical, izinhlelo zamandla, ukufakwa kwe-petrochemical, nezinhlelo zokushisisa zasemadolobheni.
Uma ukulungiswa kokugeleza kuyadingeka, idrayivu yegiya lezikelemu, i-pneumatic noma i-valve yebhola kagesi enokuvulwa okumise okwe-V ingakhethwa.